Reprinted Article “Carotid Artery Disease and Stroke During Coronary Artery Bypass: A Critical Review of the Literature”
- Naylor, A.R.
- Mehta, Z.
- Rothwell, P.M.
- Bell, P.R.F.
DOIAbstract
AbstractObjectivesTo determine the role of carotid artery disease in the pathophysiology of stroke after coronary artery bypass (CABG).DesignSystematic review of the literature.ResultsThe risk of stroke after CABG was 2% and remained unchanged between 1970-2000. Two-thirds occurred after day 1 and 23% died. 91% of screened CABG patients had no significant carotid disease and had a <2% risk of peri-operative stroke. Stroke risk increased to 3% in predominantly asymptomatic patients with a unilateral 50–99% stenosis, 5% in those with bilateral 50–99% stenoses and 7–11% in patients with carotid occlusion. Significant predictive factors for post-CABG stroke included; (i) carotid bruit (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2.8–4.6), (ii) prior stroke/TIA (OR 3.6, 95%...
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